What is synapsis in meiosis?

Synapsis is a process that occurs during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes pair up and become physically connected. This connection is called a synaptonemal complex and is critical for ensuring the proper separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

During synapsis, the DNA molecules of the homologous chromosomes align precisely with one another. This alignment allows the exchange of genetic information between the chromosomes, a process known as crossing-over.

The synaptonemal complex is made up of protein structures that hold the homologous chromosomes together. These structures help to ensure that the chromosomes are properly sorted and separated during meiosis, which ultimately leads to the formation of viable gametes.

Overall, synapsis is an essential process in meiosis that allows for the proper separation of homologous chromosomes and the exchange of genetic information between them.